Content
Turnip is a valuable vegetable crop. It is distinguished by its unpretentiousness, high content of vitamins, minerals and other useful substances. The product is well absorbed by the body and is suitable for baby food. Root crops are stored for a long time and do not lose their beneficial properties. For planting, turnip varieties are chosen that are adapted to the conditions of a particular region.
What family does the turnip belong to?
Turnip is a representative of the cruciferous family. The plant is grown as an annual or biennial. In the first year, a root crop and a rosette of leaves develop. The next season, a long stem with leaves and flowers appears. Close relatives of plants are: various types of cabbage, kohlrabi, radish, radish.
The root system is a fleshy root vegetable. A tall stem with numerous leaves grows above the ground. They are lyre-pinnate, green, glabrous or slightly pubescent.
The turnip is native to Western Asia. It has been used for food since the days of Ancient Egypt. In Russia, culture has become the most important food product. Today it is added to salads, boiled, baked. The product improves appetite, stimulates the intestines, and promotes the absorption of food.
Types and varieties of turnip
Turnip varieties are classified into several groups. The most common classification is by ripening time. It takes into account the period that elapses from the emergence of seedlings to complete harvesting.
Types of turnips by maturity:
- early - yields a harvest in an interval of 40 - 60 days;
- mid-season - in 60 - 90 days;
- late - for a period of 90 days or more.
According to the shape of the root crop, the culture is of the following types:
- rounded;
- flat;
- elongated.
They eat not only root crops, but also the aerial part. For this, special leaf varieties are chosen. The greens are harvested 5 to 7 weeks after germination on the surface of the earth. Young stems and leaves are added to salads, used as a seasoning for first and second courses.
According to the method of application, all varieties are divided into types:
- canteens;
- fodder.
Table varieties of turnips are suitable for preparing a variety of dishes. They have a good taste, are rich in vitamins and nutrients. Stern - called turnips. They are characterized by increased productivity and large size, therefore they are used as animal feed.
The best varieties of turnips for the Moscow region for open ground
In the middle lane, two crops are obtained without problems. The first sowing is performed at the beginning of May, the next at the end of June. An early harvest is not stored for a long time, root crops are used for food. The second crop is used for long-term storage. The turnip varieties listed below are also suitable for the North-West of Russia.
Geisha
Geisha is an early ripening variety. Its root crops are spherical, have a smooth surface and white color. The minimum weight is 60 g, the largest ones grow up to 200 g. Their flesh is sweet, white, juicy, without coarse fibers.
Young leaves are used in cooking as herbs, which contain minerals and vitamins. The variety grows well in the shade, is not susceptible to flowering and bacteriosis. The yield is up to 4 kg per 1 sq. m.
Petrovskaya-1
Petrovskaya-1 is a well-known variety included in the State Register of the Russian Federation in 1950. Ripening occurs in the mid-early period. The seeds of the culture germinate well even after spring frosts. Productivity from 1 sq. m of beds is up to 3.2 kg.
The shape of the root crops is flat-round, the weight is from 60 to 150 g. Their color is bright yellow. The pulp contains potassium salts, vitamins of group B and C, it is firm, juicy and tasty. The crop is used fresh, as well as for cooking. Turnip Petrovskaya-1 is stored for a long time in a cool room.
Lyre
Lyra is an early ripening variety that yields a harvest in 2 months. It is suitable for growing on farms and in garden plots. The variety is appreciated for its early maturity and good taste. Lyra is good for long-term storage throughout the winter.
The shape of the root crops is spherical. The average weight is 80 g, however, there are specimens weighing up to 100 g. The pulp of root crops is tender, hard, white, contains a lot of juice. Productivity from 1 sq. m of landings is 3.4 kg.
Grandfather
Grandpa is an early turnip variety. The crop is ready for harvest 45 days after the seedlings emerge above the ground. Root crops ripen together. The Dedka variety has a rounded shape. The color of root crops is two-color: purple in the upper part and white in the lower part. The bark is smooth, shiny, thin.
The yield of the Dedka variety is up to 4 kg per square meter. Purpose - universal: for fresh consumption, stewing, salting. Juicy and tasty fresh root vegetables are rich in minerals and vitamins.
Snow White
The turnip of the Snow White variety ripens in medium terms. The leaves of the culture grow in a vertical rosette. Root crops are white, rounded, weigh about 250 g. Inside, they are tender, juicy, with white flesh, good taste, lack of bitterness and a slight aftertaste of turnip.
The Snow White variety brings a high yield. In 1 sq. m of beds are removed up to 4.5 kg of root crops. Snow White is prized for its presentation, yield and long shelf life.
Nurse
A mid-season variety that ripens in a period of 80 - 90 days. The plant forms a semi-vertical rosette of leaves. Its roots are round, short, with a concave base and head. The skin is yellow. The leaves are green, their top is slightly curved.
The mass of the Kormilitsa variety is 200 - 250 kg. Taste qualities of root crops are assessed as good. Their pulp is not coarse, yellow, very juicy. The purpose of the variety is universal: it is suitable for preparing fresh salads, baking, stuffing. The yield is up to 4.2 kg / m2.
Snowball
The Snow Globe hybrid is a mid-season representative of the culture and one of the best varieties of turnips for central Russia. Ripening takes less than 3 months. Root crops with a smooth skin, white, spherical. The weight of each vegetable reaches 300 g, the snow-white pulp became and became the reason for this name. Vegetables have a good, tangy taste.
The variety is not subject to flowering. The crop harvest is leveled, has a presentation. Vegetables are consumed fresh and after heat treatment, they are well suited for the organization of medical nutrition and diet.
Russian size
The Russian Size hybrid is a record holder among other varieties, which is reflected in its name. This is a large turnip variety with fleshy roots. The flesh of vegetables is juicy, crispy, with a traditional taste. It is characterized by the richness of vitamins and other nutrients.
Variety Russian Size has excellent taste when boiled, fried and fresh. The mass of one vegetable reaches 2 kg. The crop is easily transported and stored throughout the winter.
Orbit
Orbita variety yields late harvest. Ripening takes about 4 months from the moment the sprouts appear.The leaf plate of the vegetable is dark green, slightly curved, the shape is round, white, very large. The average weight is 450 g. Inside, the root crop is dense, but contains a lot of juice. Well tolerates long-term storage.
Orbit is appreciated for its different maturation, presentation and wonderful taste. Plants can withstand even prolonged cold snaps. The yield is about 3 kg per square meter.
Sapphire
Sapphire is a leafy variety whose greens are ready to eat 30 days after germination. Its leaves are petiolate, growing in an erect medium-sized rosette. Young shoots are used for canning, making salads, snacks and seasonings.
From 1 sq. m plantings are removed up to 3.5 g of fresh leaves. The mass of each plant does not exceed 20 g. The leaf plate is rounded-oval, blue-green, slightly wrinkled. There is no wax coating and pubescence on it.
The best turnip varieties for Siberia
In Siberia, turnips are planted in early to mid-May, when the soil warms up. This will allow you to get an early harvest that will ripen by the end of July. Turnips intended for winter storage are planted in the first or second decade of June. For growing in Siberia, it is best to choose medium-ripening varieties. Late hybrids do not always have time to form a crop in harsh climatic conditions.
Merchant's wife
The Kupchikha variety ripens in the mid-early period. After the seedlings have germinated, the vegetables are ready to eat after 55 days. Plants of medium height, with dark green leaves, slightly curved and wavy at the edges, which form in an upright rosette.
Flattened vegetables, two-colored. Above the ground, the skin is reddish-purple in color. The part of the root crop, which is located in the ground, is white. The mass of turnips is 220 - 240 g. Its taste is good, a little spicy. The yield of the Kupchikha variety from 1 sq. m reaches 9.8 kg.
May yellow
May turnip yellow is valued for its early maturity. The vegetables are flat, white, green near the head. The growing season of the plant does not exceed 70 days. The harvest ripens in July.
The pulp of the Maiskaya variety is light yellow, juicy, and has a pleasant taste. The size of the root crops reaches 12 cm. The harvest ripens together, suitable for a child's diet and diet. Turnip is resistant to flowering, suitable for long-term storage.
Moon
The turnip moon ripens in the middle late period. From germination of seedlings to harvest, it takes about 70 days. The variety is characterized by increased cold resistance. Root crops are yellow and spherical in shape. Their weight ranges from 150 to 250 g. The peel of vegetables is thin and smooth, the pulp is juicy, has a good taste, and is suitable for dietary nutrition.
The Luna variety is good to use fresh, it is also suitable for culinary processing. Productivity. The plant is valued for its stable yield (which is about 2.5 kg per 1 sq. M) and the uniformity of root crops.
Granddaughter
Turnip Granddaughter is another representative of the early maturing varieties. After germination, 50 days pass before harvesting. The leaves are collected in a rosette 30 - 35 cm high. They are dark green, with a curved top, slightly wavy at the edges.
Root crops of the Granddaughter variety are obovate. The color of the upper part of the turnip, which is above the ground, is purple. The lower part of it is white. The pulp of the vegetable is juicy, with a delicate pleasant taste. Weight - more than 150 g, the largest specimens reach 300 g. The yield is high, up to 4 kg per square meter.
Burnt sugar
Turnip Burnt Sugar is an original hybrid. It is distinguished by an unusual form of root crops, which also have a good taste, early maturity and medicinal properties. The vegetables are lined, cylindrical, without branches. Their peel is black, inside the flesh is white.
Root vegetables weighing about 0.3 kg have a firm, crunchy, juice-rich pulp. The crop does not crack, it can be stored in a cool place without any problems. At the same time, vegetables do not lose their taste and marketability.
Using the photo, you can evaluate how the Burnt Sugar turnip looks like:
Early purple
Variety Early purple ripens in 60 days. Spherical roots are pink-crimson on top and white on the bottom. The mass of vegetables is from 80 to 100 g, their flesh is white, juicy, and compacted. It contains many minerals: potassium, magnesium, iron, phosphorus.
Turnip Early purple is appreciated for amicable ripening, uniformity of harvest, excellent taste. The purpose of the variety is universal: cooking salads, side dishes, hot dishes. Vegetables are also suitable for organizing the nutrition of children, diabetics and people suffering from excess weight.
Tokyo
Turnip Tokyo is an unusual variety, the fresh leaves of which are eaten. They are harvested 25 days after germination. The plant forms a rosette with elongated rounded leaves. They are dark green in color, juicy, with a delicate pleasant taste.
Tokyo turnip leaf is rich in ascorbic acid and vitamins. The plant is resistant to cold snaps. In order to get quality and tasty greens, it is important for the culture to ensure constant watering.
The best turnip varieties for the Urals
Turnip tolerates the Ural climate well: frequent frosts and temperature fluctuations, heavy rainfall. For dining purposes, early vegetables are chosen, which quickly yield the harvest. If you need to prepare turnips for the winter, then medium-ripening varieties will be the best option. For planting in the Urals, seeds of the best varieties of turnip for open ground are chosen.
Comet
Turnip Comet yields a crop in the middle late period: 75 days after the appearance of seedlings. Its leaves are green, slightly curved and wavy at the edges, grow in an erect rosette. Elongated roots are purple in the upper part, and white in the lower. The mass of vegetables leaves from 150 to 250 g. Their tasting score is high. The yield reaches 3.5 kg per sq. m.
White Night
Turnip White Night is another representative of mid-season hybrids. It takes about 2 months from the formation of seedlings to the stage of technical maturity. A white root crop, up to 12 cm in size, is submerged in the ground by 2/3. Inside, the vegetables are juicy and delicate in taste.
For summer use, turnips are planted from the end of April to the last days of May. If you need to get vegetables for winter storage, then work is carried out at the end of June. The variety gives a high yield - up to 8 kg per 1 sq. m.
Snow Maiden
The turnip of the Snegurochka variety ripens in the early period. After sprouting, 1.5 - 2 months pass before harvesting vegetables. The rosette of leaves is slightly spreading. Root crops are spherical, white, with smooth skin. Their average weight is 65 g. The pulp of the vegetable is juicy, with a pleasant delicate taste.
In the Urals, the yield of Snegurochka turnip reaches 4 kg from each square meter of plantings. The plant is valued for its shade tolerance, color resistance, quality of vegetables.
A chidhood dream
Turnip Children's dream ripens in the mid-early period. Root crops of its yellow color, spherical shape, weighing from 150 to 200 g. The skin of the vegetable is smooth, thin, the taste is excellent, and the pulp is rich in vitamins and minerals.
The Children's Dream variety is valued for its presentation of the crop, cold resistance, and amicable ripening. Vegetables are used fresh or cooked.
Russian fairy tale
The Russkaya Skazka variety is ready for consumption in the mid-early period. After seed germination, vegetables ripen in 80 days. The harvest is formed at the same time. The yellow, thin-skinned root vegetables are in the shape of a ball. Their pulp stands out for its good taste. The average weight is about 200 g.
Turnip Russian fairy tale has a universal purpose. Vegetables are rich in vitamin C, so they are ideal for winter consumption.The harvest is stored without problems in the cellar or basement.
Bug
The Beetle variety gives a harvest in the early period. The vegetables are harvested 50 days after sprouting. Leaves grow in a semi-erect rosette. Root crops are yellow, spherical in shape, have a juicy pulp and a pleasant delicate taste. Their average weight is 130 g. Up to 2.5 kg of vegetables are removed from each square meter.
Komatsuna
Komatsuna is a representative of the leafy turnip. The shoots of the variety are ready for consumption one month after the emergence of shoots. The leaves of the plant are oval, green, medium-sized, slightly wavy at the edges. The rosette is erect, the bush reaches a height of 20 cm. The vegetable has a mass of 150 g. Up to 3.6 kg of harvest are harvested from a square meter.
The sweetest turnip varieties
Not all gardeners like turnips because of their dense structure and tart taste. Root vegetables of modern varieties have a tender and juicy flesh without any bitterness. The sweet taste of vegetables is due to the content of mono- and disaccharides. The varieties with white roots have the best taste. The following are the sweetest varieties of turnips suitable for growing in all regions with a photo.
Golden ball
The Golden Ball is the most delicious turnip variety according to many gardeners. Yellowish-golden, spherical root crops ripen in the mid-early period. They are large in size, weighing up to 400 g. Juicy and tender pulp has a sweetish taste. It contains a lot of fiber, vitamins and minerals.
The crop is dug up as it ripens. Vegetables are well stored and transported. They are used for the daily diet, including the children's one.
Dunyasha
The Dunyasha variety is distinguished by its mid-early ripening. The period of technical ripeness begins 70 days after the formation of shoots. The rosette of the leaves of the culture is semi-vertical, of medium size. Root crops have a spherical shape and a flat surface. The variety is resistant to cold snaps, not subject to flowering.
The peel and pulp of Dunyash's turnip are yellow in color, rich in vitamins and mineral compounds. There are no coarse fibers in vegetables. Their weight ranges from 150 to 200 g. Tasting qualities are assessed as high. Up to 3 kg of root crops are removed from a square meter.
Milanese pink
Milanese pink turnip ripens in a period of up to 60 days. Its root crops are spherical, have a smooth skin. Inside, the pulp is white, high juiciness, has an excellent taste. The variety is not susceptible to diseases and flowers, gives a high yield.
The average weight of a vegetable is 100 g, the largest specimens grow up to 200 g. The variety Milanskaya rosa is good to use fresh and after heat treatment. It is included in the menu for children and diabetics.
Conclusion
The turnip varieties presented above are distinguished by good yield and unpretentiousness. For planting, zoned hybrids are chosen. They are adapted to the conditions of a particular region. Particular attention should be paid to sweet varieties that taste great.
