Content
Turnip is the oldest cultivated plant. Once it was regularly consumed in food, it was included in the diet of representatives of various classes. Over time, the root crop was replaced by potatoes and undeservedly forgotten. But turnip is a unique product recommended for baby and dietary nutrition, low-calorie, rich in vitamins, antioxidants, micro- and macroelements. It has medicinal properties, serves to strengthen the immune system and prevent diseases of the respiratory and cardiovascular systems. The root vegetable contains substances with high anti-cancer activity. Turnip Petrovskaya is a popular, well-established variety that is consistently in demand among lovers of this product and is highly valued by gardeners.
Turnip Petrovskaya in the photo:
Breeding history
The turnip variety Petrovskaya 1 was bred in the 30s of the last century by breeders of the Gribovskaya experimental station located in the Moscow region. In 1937 he was presented to the commission for variety testing. Introduced into the State Register in 1950, approved for cultivation throughout Russia. The applicant organization was subsequently renamed the Federal Scientific Center for Vegetable Growing. The Petrovskaya variety is undemanding to the composition of the soil and climatic conditions, its yield depends mainly on compliance with the rules of planting, cultivation and care.
Description of the variety of turnips Petrovskaya 1
Turnip Petrovskaya 1 - medium early variety, ripens 60-84 days after planting. The root crop grows round or rounded-flattened, concave at the bottom, with a golden smooth skin. The pulp is yellow, juicy, tough, sweet. The average weight of fruits of the Petrovskaya variety ranges from 60-150 g, but often exceeds 500 g. The rosette of the above-ground part of the plant is pressed against it. The leaves are dissected, green, short. The upper lobes are large, oval, with 3-4 pairs of sparsely located lateral lobes and a small number of intermediate tongues. Petioles are green, thin, sometimes with shades of blue and purple.
The main characteristics of the variety
The Petrovskaya variety is an unpretentious and hardy crop, is not afraid of cold and drought, grows and bears fruit in low light conditions.
Yield
Turnip Petrovskaya 1 - high-yielding variety, from 1 m2get an average of 1.5-4 kg of root crops. Short ripening times allow sowing the site twice per season. Does not require special care, in favorable conditions it bears fruit amicably and abundantly. The size and quality of the fruit depends on watering and fertilization.
Sustainability
Turnip Petrovskaya 1 is tolerant of cold, but does not tolerate freezing temperatures. Frozen fruits cannot be stored for long-term storage. The variety is resistant to heat, but insufficient watering has a negative effect on the appearance and taste of the fruit.
Advantages and disadvantages
Turnip Petrovskaya 1 is one of the oldest varieties of domestic selection. Popular with gardeners due to its characteristic distinctive characteristics:
- the external attractiveness of the fruits - large, aligned, regular shape, with a golden skin;
- pleasant sweetish taste;
- high germination of seeds;
- shade-tolerant variety;
- excellent keeping quality;
- happy harvest;
- resistance to keel and flowering.
When planting the Petrovskaya turnip variety, some disadvantages should be taken into account:
- does not tolerate negative temperatures;
- with prolonged storage, the taste of the fruit deteriorates.
Variety Petrovskaya 1 is intended for fresh, steamed, salted consumption. Due to its rapid ripening, it can be present on the table all summer and autumn. The turnip planted in the middle of summer is harvested before the first frost begins, and is laid for winter storage.
Planting and caring for Petrovskaya turnip
Turnip varieties Petrovskaya 1 are planted 2 times a season. In spring, seeds are sown immediately after the snow melts, as soon as the earth dries up and the danger of recurrent frosts is over. Summer - June-July. Planting of Petrovskaya turnips is carried out directly directly into the ground in a seedless way.
Petrovskaya 1 grows well in well-lit and ventilated areas. It is recommended to plant turnips in one place no more than 2 years in a row. Legumes and nightshades will be good predecessors for the Petrovskaya variety. You cannot plant turnips after the closest relatives - cruciferous: cabbage, radish, daikon, radish. Turnip Petrovskaya prefers light fertile non-acidified soils - loam and sandy loam with deep groundwater.
The site for Turnip Petrovskaya 1 should be prepared in the fall:
- enrich with humus at the rate of 2-3 kg of organic matter per 1 m2;
- apply mineral fertilizers - potash, nitrogen, phosphate at the rate of 10 g of each type per 1 m2.
In the spring, the site is carefully dug up, plant residues are removed, leveled and rolled. Then, grooves are made with a depth of 1-2 cm at a distance of 30 cm.
Before sowing, the seeds of Petrovskaya turnip are soaked in warm water, dried, mixed with sand, embedded in the ground and carefully watered. Until the emergence of shoots, it is advisable to keep the bed under the film. Seeds germinate at a temperature of + 2-3 С, for further development, warmth of + 15-18 ˚С is needed.
Growing technology
Caring for Petrovskaya turnip does not require special knowledge and hassle. The main attention should be paid to regular loosening and removal of weeds. Turnip Petrovskaya needs regular abundant watering, 1 m2 it is necessary to consume 10 liters of water with a frequency of 2-3 times a week. Drip irrigation is preferred.
In a week, the first shoots will appear - they will be frequent. After 2-3 weeks, the crops must be thinned, leaving a distance of 3 cm between them.After another 2 weeks, it is necessary to re-thinning, increasing the distance between the plants to 6-10 cm.
Due to the short growing season, Petrovskaya turnips do not need to be fed. In case of weak growth or yellowing of the leaves, urea should be added (10-15 g / m2). Poor soils should be enriched: apply complex fertilizers with a high boron content 2-3 times. This element is very important for the development of Petrovskaya turnip, when it is lacking in root crops, voids are formed, the pulp acquires an unpleasant taste, and keeping quality deteriorates.
Treatment against pests and diseases
Turnip Petrovskaya is affected by diseases characteristic of all cruciferous plants. The most common is keela, which affects the root system. The variety is resistant to this disease, but infection is possible with high acidity of the soil or persistence of infection in the soil after the predecessor plants. Treatment consists in removing diseased plants and processing soil and healthy turnips with solutions of potassium permanganate, ash, milk of lime.An effective measure of control is watering the soil with horseradish infusion (pour 400 g of leaves and roots with 10 liters of water and stand for 4 hours).
With high humidity, Petrovskaya turnip is susceptible to fungal diseases - white and gray rot, cruciferous powdery mildew, peronosporosis, black leg. Treatment - treatment of plants with Bordeaux liquid or fungicides "Skor", "Previkur", "Switch", "Vectra".
The viral disease, the radish mosaic, is not treatable. The only remedy is to remove diseased plants. The prevention of the disease is the observance of the rules of agricultural technology and crop rotation, sufficient nutrition and watering, which provide high immunity to the Petrovskaya turnip.
Juicy roots also attract pests:
- cabbage butterfly larvae;
- cruciferous flea;
- turnip white;
- spring and summer cabbage flies;
- stem nematode;
- wireworm;
- garden scoop;
- a cabbage scoop.
The most effective means of combating them is the treatment of plants and soil with insecticides "Eurodim", "Akiba", "Aktara", "Tabu", "Prestige", "Aktellik". From folk remedies, you can use spraying with tobacco solution, onion infusion. Using chemistry, it should be remembered that processing can be carried out no later than a month before harvest.
Conclusion
Turnip Petrovskaya is an unpretentious, undemanding plant in care. Fans of this traditional product of Russian cuisine appreciate the variety for its attractive appearance and harmonious taste of the fruit. Gardeners, in their reviews of the Petrovskaya turnip, emphasize such advantages of the culture as high yield, ease of cultivation and early maturity. Newbies who first decided to grow the Petrovskaya variety will receive only positive emotions from the process and the result.
