Content
The popular apricot Triumph Severny is a gift from breeders to gardeners in cold regions. The quality characteristics of the variety help to grow a thermophilic culture in Central Russia.
Breeding history
The variety was obtained as a result of the work of the breeder AN Venyaminov in 1938. The scientist crossed the Krasnoshchekiy variety (southern large-fruited) with the early Zabaikalsky northern apricot. The cultivar was bred and zoned in the Central Black Earth region. Twenty years later, in 1954, cuttings of the Northern Triumph came to the Far East, to Khabarovsk. After being grafted onto seedlings and crown of the "Best Michurinsky" variety, it began to spread throughout the regions of Russia. Apricot Triumph of the North fully demonstrated the qualities inherent in it and won the appreciation of gardeners. A little about the variety:
Description of culture
The external parameters of the apricot variety are needed by the gardener for a competent planning of the site. The height of the tree and the spreading of the crown affect the placement of fruit crops. This variety has a spreading crown, and the height of the Triumph of the North apricot in adulthood is 4 m.
The branching is medium, the skeletal branches and the trunk of the tree are thick. When laying out the garden, consider the area required for the growth and nutrition of the apricot. The tree is actively developing.
The leaf plates are large, with pointed edges.
The flowers are large, white. The pistils are much longer than the stamens. In years with early spring, flowers are formed without pistils. Scientists explain this fact by a shift in natural timing and a lack of heat.
The fruits are slightly elongated, the weight of one varies between 30-40 g, but with regular care reaches 50-60 g. The color of apricots during the harvest period is yellow-pink, the taste is sweet.
Like most northern varieties, the fruit is similar to cherry plum. The skin is slightly pubescent, of medium thickness. The pulp is juicy, it separates from the stone very easily. The bone is large. Apricots hold on to the tree firmly, even with strong winds, no fall is observed.
The Triumph of the North variety is best adapted to the climate conditions in the Central region. A good photo of an apricot Triumph North for fruit lovers:
Characteristics
The description of the main characteristics contains the estimates of the originator and reviews of the Triumph of the North apricot. Among them should be highlighted:
- The edibility and taste of seeds resembling almonds. This quality of the apricot Triumph Severny is very much appreciated by culinary experts.
- The early maturity of the variety. The first fruiting is observed 5 years after planting.
- Self-pollination. Pollinators for the Triumph Severny apricot are not required, the variety bears excellent fruit in single plantings.
- Resistance to the main diseases of the culture, especially to fungal infections. The variety does not require frequent preventive treatments. It can be quickly cured when problems arise.
- Apricot Triumph Severny demonstrates good adaptability of the bark to temperature changes.But, it should be noted that the kidneys are more susceptible to cold and may freeze.
The life and fruiting period of apricot is 40 years. Some growers consider this characteristic to be positive, while others would like to obtain a more durable variety.
Drought resistance, winter hardiness
The most valuable characteristic of the Triumph Severny apricot variety for Central Russia is frost resistance. The branches of the variety tolerate frost up to -40 ° C without damage, but with a constant indicator. As soon as sudden changes in temperature begin, annual shoots can freeze slightly. Then fruiting continues for two or three years. The kidneys react to low temperatures worse, their frost resistance is classified as average. Apricot Triumph North does not bloom in years with sudden spring frosts. The roots are close to the surface, so the variety does not tolerate prolonged drought. The winter hardiness of the Northern Triumph apricot variety is considered above average.
Pollination, flowering period and ripening times
No pollinators are required for this self-fertile variety. You can increase the yield by group planting with apricots Amur, Best Michurinsky. Other varieties are also suitable, the flowering period of which coincides with the Triumph of the North. The tree blooms earlier than other species, the harvest is ready for harvest in the last decade of July or early August.
Productivity, fruiting
The first crop is harvested from a tree at the age of 3-4 years. Usually it is equal to 4-5 kg per plant. As the apricot matures, the yield is constantly increasing. The average value for a tree aged 10 years is 60-65 kg per plant. Reviews of gardeners about the Triumph Severny apricot indicate the instability of fruiting. Harvest years alternate with rest periods. This is due to the tree's need to recuperate. Pruning the tree allows you to prolong the fruiting age.
Scope of the fruit
The fruits of the variety are tender, aromatic, tasty. Fresh apricots are good, they are also suitable for harvesting.
Disease and pest resistance
For gardeners, the resistance of the apricot variety to fungal infections is important. It shows good resistance to the bulk of diseases. In years with unfavorable weather conditions, it can get sick with cytosporosis, verticilliasis, monilliosis, clasterosporium.
Advantages and disadvantages
Compared to other varieties, Triumph of the North has a lot of advantages. The main advantages of this apricot are:
- Rapid onset of fruiting.
- Taste characteristics of the fruit.
- Frost resistance.
- Fastening strength of fruits and flowers.
- Suitability of kernel kernels for human consumption.
- Self-pollination.
- Disease resistance.
- Decorativeness of the tree at the time of flowering.
There is no consensus among gardeners about the disadvantages. Some are dissatisfied with the size of the fruit, others do not like the quality of the harvesting. But the more significant disadvantages should be considered the possibility of freezing of flower buds and irregular fruiting.
Landing features
Difficulties in acquiring high-quality planting material are considered one of the main problems. Self-cultivation of seedlings is quite laborious, so it is better to buy them in nurseries.
Recommended timing
Numerous reviews of the Northern Triumph apricot variety in the Moscow region indicate that it is most successful for the region to plant young trees in spring in April. But it should be borne in mind that you should not be late with boarding. The apricot enters the sap flow phase early, so the earthwork must be completed before this moment.
In the fall, trees are well tolerated only with a closed root system or in the south.
Choosing the right place
In the Middle Lane, the best place for planting apricots will be a sunny, protected from the cold wind area. It is best if it is on the south side of a building or fence.For Northern Triumph, it is important that during the spring snowmelt the trunk does not stand in the water. Therefore, a southern slope with an angle of inclination of 10 ° is chosen. On level areas, you will need to make a hill. The groundwater level is 2 meters. It is recommended to choose a soil with a neutral reaction or to carry out preparatory measures to reduce the acidity index in the soil.
What crops can and cannot be planted next to an apricot
Apricot belongs to individualistic plants. You should not plant Triumph in close proximity to other fruit trees and shrubs. It is better to allocate a separate area in the garden for the variety. Only plantings of different types of apricots are well combined.
Selection and preparation of planting material
The best solution is to buy a seedling in a specialized nursery or store.
It is best to purchase planting material in a container. Then the seedling takes root and develops more easily. In a well-formed tree, the root system should exceed the crown by 2 times in volume.
Landing algorithm
Planting an apricot Triumph Severny has its own algorithm that allows a young plant to quickly take root in a new place. Need to:
- Dig a hole 60 cm in size and 70 cm deep.
- Prepare a nutrient mixture of peat, sand, clay, garden soil in equal amounts.
- Pour the mixture into the bottom of the pit with a mound.
- Place the roots of the seedling on the top of the mound and spread.
- Put a peg next to it.
- Fill the hole in layers, alternating between soil and watering.
- Leave the root collar at least 2 cm above the soil surface.
- Tamp the soil and water the plant.
A distance of 4 m is left between the trees. A young Triumph apricot will require attention and careful care.
Follow-up care of the culture
Growing an apricot Triumph North is an easy task even for novice gardeners. The main thing is to pay enough attention to the seedling in the first year of life.
Watering is necessary in spring and mid-summer. Young trees require 30 liters of water per 1 sq. m., for adults at least 50 liters. Watering is suspended in August.
Top dressing. The variety needs nitrogenous components before flowering and after fruit setting. Quantity 30 g per 1 sq. m.
Potassium components are added during the fruiting period (40 g per 1 sq. M).
Superphosphate is required before and after flowering (60 g per 1 sq. M).
Manure is laid in the ground during digging once every 3 years (3-4 kg per 1 sq. M).
Pruning helps regulate the yield of the variety. Immediately after planting, the branches of the seedling are shortened by a third, so that the laying of the crown begins. In adulthood, annual pruning is required in the spring and fall.
Preparation for winter consists in whitewashing the trunk and branches with a special garden solution. This exercise also protects the plant from rodents. Additionally, they dig up the soil and cover the trunk with material that allows air and water to pass through.
It is necessary to watch out when the Northern Triumph apricot wakes up. This happens when the first warm days come. Be sure to take protective measures against frost so that the flower buds do not freeze. How to reanimate the Northern Triumph apricot after winter if the buds do not bloom for a long time? It is necessary to water the tree with an anti-stress drug and feed it with nitrogenous fertilizers.
Harvesting and processing
If the fruits are eaten raw or dried, they are harvested fully ripe. To transport the crop, you need to harvest apricots at the stage of technical ripeness.
You should not rush too much with the collection of fruits. Even when ripe, they stick tightly to the branches.
Apricots are harvested in Triumph North on a sunny day. The dew should have evaporated by this time. It is best to schedule a collection in the morning or evening. When harvesting during a cold snap or extreme heat, the fruits quickly deteriorate, their taste deteriorates.
What can be made from ripe apricots, you can find out in the next article.
Diseases and pests, methods of control and prevention
Problem | Prevention and control methods |
Moniliosis | Careful adherence to the requirements of agricultural technology. Processing with a solution of lime and copper sulfate (100 g of preparations per 10 liters of water). Spraying with Horus 4 times per season according to the instructions. |
Verticillosis | Bordeaux liquid treatment. Cleaning in the fall of all plant residues. |
Cytosporosis | Treatment with copper oxychloride until the leaves open. |
Insect pests. | The drug "Entobacterin". Spraying according to the instructions. |
Conclusion
Apricot Triumph North fully lives up to its name. Unpretentiousness and high yield in the climatic conditions of Siberia and the Middle Belt are the most popular characteristics of the variety. Planting and caring for the Triumph Severny apricot does not differ qualitatively from other varieties.
Testimonials
I found a good variety of apricot for the garden. Triumph Severny behaves very well in our climate. Shows not only good winter hardiness, but also yield. The first flowering was shown in the third year after planting. And the next season they reaped the harvest. I liked the fruits in taste, appearance and size. I think they are sweeter in the south. For the first years, the whole family only had enough fruit to eat. Now we dry apricots, prepare compotes and jam. The variety is completely satisfied. Very persistent and unpretentious. It is only important to purchase a seedling from a reliable supplier, so as not to be mistaken.
My trees are two years old plus two and three years old. For the winter I wrapped it with spandbond.