Content
Rosehip is a culture that can beautify any garden plot, as well as benefit human health. The fruits, leaves and flowers of the plant are of value, since they contain a large amount of vitamins and a complex of minerals. This shrub belongs to the category of unpretentious crops, therefore, it does not cause much trouble for the gardener. However, if the growing conditions do not match, its immunity weakens. Therefore, you should study the common diseases of rose hips and its pests, and also learn how to deal with them.
Most often, rose hips are affected by fungal diseases.
Causes of the appearance of diseases and pests
This culture is a wild form of garden roses. Therefore, it is more hardy and unpretentious. However, for the full growth and development of the shrub, certain conditions are necessary. If they do not match, the plant weakens.
Main reasons:
- sharp temperature drops;
- prolonged stagnation of moisture in the soil;
- dry air;
- lack of nutrients;
- thickening of landings;
- bad light;
- unsuitable climate.
Rosehip diseases and their treatment
Most diseases of this shrub are successfully treated. However, so that the defeat does not cause serious damage to the plant, it is necessary to take measures at the initial stage of their development. Therefore, you need to study the photo and description of the main diseases of the rosehip and the methods of their treatment. This will allow you to easily identify the problem and fix it in a timely manner.
Powdery mildew
Powdery mildew is caused by various fungi from the order Erysiphales. Provoking factors: high humidity and high temperature. The disease can be recognized by white spots on the leaves, which subsequently increase in size and cover the plates completely. This interferes with the process of photosynthesis.
Over time, the plaque thickens and takes on a dirty gray tint, as wintering stages of the pathogen fungus appear in it. As a result, the affected leaves gradually wither and fall off. If untreated, bush shoots may remain completely naked. Subsequently, the disease spreads to young shoots and buds of the plant.
For the treatment of the disease powdery mildew in the wild rose, it is necessary to spray the crown with Topaz, Tiovit and Skor.
Powdery mildew leads to disruption of metabolic processes in tissues
Rust
The causative agent is the fungus Phragmidium disciflorum (Tode) James. Rust is a rosehip disease that affects the stems, young shoots and leaves of the plant. Warm weather and high humidity in spring contribute to its spread.
The affected shoots of the bush due to the disease are significantly thickened and cracked. A bright red, dusty powder emerges from open wounds.
On the leaves of rose hips, rust appears in rounded spots. On the reverse side of the plates, in their place, orange pustules grow, powdering with spores. Pathogens persist in plant debris and bark cracks, where they hibernate. Rust disease is more often manifested in yellow rose hips.
If signs of this disease are found on the rose hips, it is necessary to remove all the affected areas and burn them. After that, you need to spray the bush with a 3% solution of copper sulfate, and after a week, repeat the treatment, but already with 1% Bordeaux mixture.
Cracks in the bark with rust subsequently turn into superficial brown ulcers
Black spot
The causative agent of black spot is the mushroom Marssonina rosae. The disease affects the leaves, but sometimes young growing shoots. It can be identified on the dog rose by the rounded spots of brown, almost black, color. Initially, they are small, single, 5-15 mm in diameter. Subsequently, black scabs appear on the necrotic areas - fungal spores.
Affected leaves gradually turn brown and fall off. As a result, by the fall, completely naked shoots of rose hips remain. The pathogen persists in winter in plant debris and in cracks in the bark.
For the treatment of black spot, it is recommended to first clear the rosehip bush from the affected leaves and shoots, and then spray it twice with "Hom" at intervals of 7 days.
Young stems due to disease black spot do not ripen
Septoria spot
The disease manifests itself as numerous rounded spots on the leaves, which are randomly scattered. The causative agent of septoria spot is the fungus Septoria rosae Desm. As the disease progresses, a bright spot appears in the center of the necrotic areas. But along the edge, a thin brown rim is preserved.
Over time, small black fruiting bodies form in this place, inside which spores ripen. The affected plates wilt, which leads to premature leaf fall. In the presence of favorable conditions, the disease passes to rose hips and young shoots. This causes areas of the cortex to die off. In the future, these stems dry up.
For the treatment of rose hips, it is necessary to clean the crown from possible sources of the pathogen. All collected leaves and shoots are to be burned. After that, spray with 1% Bordeaux mixture solution. If necessary, repeat the treatment after a week.
Septoria spotting persists in plant debris in winter.
Rosehip pests and the fight against them
Not only diseases damage the rose hips, but also pests. They weaken the shrub, which leads to its freezing in winter. Also, many insects carry infections, which leads to an aggravation of the problem and can lead to the death of the plant.
Aphid
This small insect feeds on the sap of young leaves and shoots. Aphids (Aphidoidea) can form entire colonies. Initially, the pest can be detected from the back of the plates. As a result of their vital activity, the leaves are deformed, the buds do not open, and the fruits become smaller.
To combat the pest, it is necessary to spray the plant with Inta-Vir, Decis or Confidor Extra.
With mass distribution, numerous aphids stick around the tops of the stems
Leaf roll
This pest parasitizes mainly on fruit trees in the garden, but if widespread, it can switch to rose hips. A characteristic sign of the lesion is the wrapped rosehip leaves inward. The adult leafworm is a yellow butterfly with brown patterns on its body. In length, it reaches 15-20 mm.
The leafworm (Tortricidae) lays eggs that overwinter on the plant. And with the arrival of spring heat, voracious caterpillars appear from them. It is they who harm the rosehip, as they eat up its flowers, buds and pistils.
To destroy the leaf roll, it is necessary to spray the bush in the spring at a temperature of +8 degrees and above with "Confidor Maxi", "Liber" and "Cesar".
The peak of reproduction of the leafworm is in July.
Moth
This lepidopteran butterfly also attacks the rose hips. The moth (Anticlea derivata) has a delicate body and wide wings, the span of which reaches 3 cm. The color of the insect is spectacular.The main color is white, but there are black dots and yellow stripes on it. The moth caterpillars are the same color as the adults. They eat rosehip leaves as well as buds.
To destroy the moth, you should use "Zolon", "Karbofos", "Kinmiks" and "Decis".
A moth can eat all the leaves on a rose hip if not fought.
Sawfly
There are many types of this pest. All of them resemble a fly in body structure and have webbed wings. Most often, wild rose affects the rose sawfly (Arge ochropus). Its larvae are green, the head is red-brown in color with a light spot on the back of the head. The insect has 8 pairs of limbs. It feeds on rosehip leaves, eating them along the edges, and forming holes.
For destruction, it is necessary to spray the plant with insecticides: "Kemifos", "Fufanon", "Inta-vir".
Sawfly larvae appear on rose hips at the end of June.
Small arrowhead
This pest is a butterfly. The length of its wedge-shaped body reaches 25 mm. The abdomen is narrowed towards the end of the body. Small lancet (Acronictinae) is brown-gray. The pectoral part of the butterfly is covered with long dense villi. Caterpillars pose a danger to rose hips. They reach a length of 30-40 mm. The body of the larvae is gray-brown with a longitudinal yellow-red stripe, which is interrupted by black transverse lines. The first generation of lancet offspring appears in June, and the second in late summer or early autumn. Caterpillars eat wild rose leaves.
To combat lancet should be used "Aktofit" at the rate of 8 ml per bucket of water. The resulting solution should be sprayed with a uniform layer of the crown of the plant.
In addition to rose hips, small lancet eats apple, raspberry, hawthorn and plum
Furry deer
This black beetle is also capable of damaging the rose hips. Its length varies from 8 to 12 mm. The body is broadly oval, completely covered with dense gray hairs. The furry deer (Epicometis hirta Poda) summer period lasts from May to August. The beetle eats away petals, stamens and pistils of rosehip flowers. Females lay eggs in the soil, subsequently white curved larvae with a brown head and three pairs of limbs appear from them.
When beetles appear on the rose hips, they must be collected by hand, and the larvae must be destroyed while digging the site.
The furry deer prefers soil rich in biohumus, where it reproduces its offspring
Wavy walnut
This webbed-winged insect also poses a threat to the rose hips. The pest causes the formation of single and multi-chambered galls on fruits, the length of which is 10-12 mm. Their shell grows and increases to a diameter of 22 mm, and then becomes covered with thorns and bursts.
As a result of the vital activity of Rhodites fluctum Rubs, the seeds of the wild rose become fusiform. Over time, the gall becomes brown and dries up. For the prevention and destruction of the pest, it is recommended to spray the shrub before and after flowering with Decis, Karate and Kinmiks.
The walnut lays eggs in the fall, and in the spring, offspring appear from them.
Prophylaxis
It is possible to minimize the likelihood of developing diseases on a rosehip if you adhere to simple prevention rules. They also help to increase the immunity of the plant, which will allow it to resist the attack of pests.
Preventive measures:
- timely removal of weeds in the root circle;
- feeding, taking into account the stages of development of the bush;
- removal of plant residues in the fall;
- burning fallen leaves;
- loosening the soil at the base of the shrub;
- cleaning the crown from broken and damaged shoots;
- treatment in spring and autumn of plants from diseases with a Bordeaux mixture.
Conclusion
Rosehip pests and diseases can significantly weaken the shrub.This will lead to the fact that he will not be able to fully develop, bloom and bear fruit. Therefore, to prevent this from happening, it is necessary to regularly inspect the plant and take action when signs of damage appear.
